In Vitro Cysteine Reactivates Organophosphate Insecticide Dichlorvos-Inhibited Human Cholinesterases

Assessment of diphenhydramine effects against acute poisoning induced by the organophosphate insecticide dichlorvos in chicks

Introduction Organophosphate (OP) insecticides are commonly used in veterinary practice and public health (Coggon 2002; Jaga & Dharmani 2003; Wilson 2005). They induce poisoning in mammals and avian species by irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity at the nerve terminals and neuromuscular junctions causing accumulation of acetylcholine. As a result of ChE inhibition, signs of ...

In Vitro Ability of Currently Available Oximes to Reactivate Organophosphate Pesticide-Inhibited Human Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase

We have in vitro tested the ability of common, commercially available, cholinesterase reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime, methoxime, trimedoxime and HI-6) to reactivate human acetylcholinesterase (AChE), inhibited by five structurally different organophosphate pesticides and inhibitors (paraoxon, dichlorvos, DFP, leptophos-oxon and methamidophos). We also tested reactivation of human butyrylc...

Organophosphate insecticide Diazinon poisoning in children.

Respiratory failure in organophosphate insecticide poisoning.

OBJECTIVE Organophosphate compounds (OP) are usual insecticides and may poison human beings in a suicide attempt or accidental exposure. They inhibit activity of cholinesterase. Poisoning may be enough sever for intensive care support. In this paper, we study the prevalence and management of sever cases as well. METHODS We studied patients with OP poisoning, from November 2002 to November 200...

Cholinesterases in human skin.

This study concerns the distribution of cholinesterases in human skin. Previous work on this subject was published last year by Hurley, Shelley and Koelle (1) These authors used a method originated by Koelle (2, 3). In Koelle's method, acetyithiocholine and butyryithiocholine are used as substrates. It is assumed that acetyithiocholine is split by specific acetyicholinesterase as well as by non...